The first thing you need to know about how to grow grass seeds is that preparation is essential for a lush lawn. Before you start planting, you need to be prepared for the annoying bare areas or rough ground that have been created during recent renovations. If you’re wondering how to plant a brand new lawn from seed, preparing the entire area first is key to getting a thick turf. This guide will take the guesswork out of preparation. In addition, you will gain important tips on choosing the best type of grass seed and caring for the seedlings after germination. So get your lawn mower ready – once you learn how to plant grass seeds, your fresh grass will be ready for its first mowing in just a few weeks.
The Best Type of Grass Seed
Start by choosing the right grass species for your location. Grass species are divided into two main categories based on their cold hardiness. Warm-season grass species thrive in Zone 7 and above, including Bahia, Bermuda, Centipede, St. Augustine, and Knotweed. Cool-season grasses tolerate extreme cold temperatures and grow well in Zone 6 and below. Kentucky bluegrass, fine fescue, tall fescue, and perennial ryegrass are common cool-season grasses.
In addition to cold tolerance, grass species vary in their ability to grow in the sun or in the shade, withstand foot traffic, and tolerate dry conditions. Visit your local garden center or shop to learn more about the types of grass seeds available in your area. Grass seeds are often sold as mixed varieties for specific growing conditions or a combination of conditions. For example, you may find a mix of grass seeds that are suitable for cool, dry conditions, or a mix that is suitable for full sun and high foot traffic. Read the package carefully to choose the right seeds for your specific location.
When to Sow Grass Seeds
The best time to sow turfgrass depends on your location. If you live in District 7 and above, plant warm season grass between March and September. Warm-season grasses thrive in high temperatures and germinate in hot weather with plenty of water to support growth. Homeowners in District 6 and below should sow cool-season grass from mid-August to mid-October. Moderate soil temperatures, cool air temperatures, and relatively regular rainfall make autumn the best time to plant cool-season grass seeds.
How to Grow Grass Seeds
After choosing the best seed mix for your location and determining the best time for sowing, it’s time to prepare the site and plants. Whether you’re growing Bermuda grass or Kentucky bluegrass, the process is usually the same. Use this 6-step method to sow a bare lawn or a brand new lawn.
1. Weeding
Remove existing grass or weeds. Dig out the plant with a shovel and carefully remove as many roots as possible. If the area to be sown is large and overgrown with weeds, consider renting a seed cutter to get the job done quickly.
2. Enrich the soil and level the ground
After weeding, add 2 inches of well-decomposed compost. Organic matter, such as compost, can improve soil drainage while adding valuable nutrients. Next, plow the soil to about 4 inches. Tillage will allow the compost to mix with the native soil and help prepare the seedbed. After ploughing, use a stiff gardening rake to rake the area flat, outline as needed, and remove any rocks or large clods. Your goal is to create a smooth, loose soil surface that will serve as a welcome mat for grass seeds.
3. Plant grass seeds
Sow grass seeds by hand over a small area. For large areas, a spreader can make the job easier. Whichever method you use, sow the seeds on a windless day – the wind will spread the seeds unevenly. Check the seeding rate of the seed bag. The recommended planting rate is typically pounds per 1,000 square feet. For best results, sow half of the recommended area of seeds in one direction. Then, the remaining half of the seeds are sown at right angles to the first part.
4. Protect the seeds
Rake the entire area and cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil. A foliage rake is an ideal tool for small areas. For larger areas, you may need to use a rake, which is towed by a lawn tractor. Spread a thin layer of weed-free straw on the field to help retain moisture and prevent the seeds from being blown away or washed away.
5. Water the seeds
Use a lawn sprinkler to gently water the seedbed. Water frequently enough to keep the soil surface moist, but not too wet. Overwatering can cause the seeds to flow out of the field or sink deep into the soil, preventing them from germinating. Water gently several times a day until the seedlings grow within 2-4 weeks. Thereafter, continue watering once a day or so until the new grass grows to at least 2 inches tall.
6. Trim new grass and control weeds
When the new turf grows to 4 inches tall, start mowing. Mow regularly, keeping the turf growing to 3 inches tall. After mowing and caring for the lawn for about two months, it is safe to use the weeding product to prevent weeds and other intruders from encroaching on the new turf. Read the product label carefully for instructions for use.